An approach between positive psychology and positive behavioral support
Abstract
Positive psychology and positive behavioral support have different origins; however, they address similar goals. In this work, positive psychology and PBS are described, as well as some critical views. Subsequently, through Carr, a pioneer of the positive behavioral support, the rapprochement between both models is addressed. For its part, positive psychology is including people with disabilities, according to two positive psychology and disability manuals; previously, according to these, people with disabilities were not included in the model. On the other hand, the theories of two authors, Wright (2005) and Pinker (2012), who explain the evolution of today’s society towards positive values are also described. In part, this evolution explains the good reception of positive psychologies. Finally, the contextual and social vision could be the main contribution of the positive behavioral support to positive psychology. Changes in environments and social relationships have been central themes for the positive behavioral support; undoubtedly, for positive psychology as well, however, its main contribution focuses on intrapsychic factors.
References
Berrocal, C. et al. (2008). Aplicaciones clínicas de la terapia del bienestar. En C. Vázquez y G. Hervás (Eds.), Psicología positiva aplicada (pp. 101–127). Desclée De Brouwer.
Bone, J. E. et al. (2016). Exploring the motivations for punishment: Framing and country-level effects. PLOS ONE, 11(8), e0159769. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159769.
Boothby, E. J. et al. (2017). The world looks better together: How close others enhance our visual experiences. Personal Relationships, 24(3), pp. 694-714. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12201.
van Boven, L. y Gilovich, T. (2003). To do or to have? That is the question. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), pp. 1193–1202. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1193.
de la Cal, A. (2014). Psicología positiva en discapacidad intelectual. Programa para el desarrollo emocional y la fortaleza de gratitud. Universidad de Valladolid.
Carr, E. G. (2007). The expanding vision of positive behavior support: Research perspectives on happiness, helpfulness, hopefulness. Journal of Positive Behaviour Interventions, 9(1), pp. 3–14.
Carr, E. G. et al. (1996). Intervención comunicativa sobre los problemas de comportamiento. Alianza Psicología. (Trabajo original publicado en 1994).
Carr, E. G. et al. (1999). Positive behavior support for people with developmental disabilities. AAMR.
del Cerro, M. C. R. et al. (2010). Maternal care counteracts behavioral effects of prenatal environmental stress in female rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 208(2), pp. 593–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.01.003.
Chaves, C. et al. (2016). A comparative study on the efficacy of a positive psychology intervention and a cognitive therapy for clinical depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41, pp. 417-433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9778-9.
Felce, D. y Perry, J. (1995). Quality of life: Its definition and measurement. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 16(1), pp. 51–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-4222(94)00028-8.
Fernández-Abascal, E. G. (2009). Emociones positivas, psicología positiva y bienestar. En E. Fernández-Abascal (Ed.), Emociones positivas (pp. 27–46). Pirámide.
Fernández-Ríos, L. y Novo, M. (2012). Positive pychology: Zeigeist (or spirit of the times) or ignorance (or disinformation) of history? International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 12(2), pp. 333–344.
Foxx, R. M. (2005). Severe agressive and self-destructive behavior: The myth of the nonaversive treatment of severe behavior. En J. W. Jacobson et al. (Eds.), Controversial therapies for developmental disabilities: Fad, fashion and science in professional practices (pp. 295–310). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Han, B. C. (2016). La sociedad del cansancio. Herder (Trabajo original publicado en 2010).
Hassiotis, A. et al. (2018). Clinical outcomes of staff training in positive bahaviour support to reduce challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: Cluster randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 212, pp. 161–168. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2017.34.
Henrich, J. et al. (2010). The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and brain sciences. 33(2-3), pp. 61-83. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X0999152X.
Holt-Lunstad, J. et al. (2010). Social relationships and mortality risk: A meta-analytic review. PLoS Medicine, 7(7), e1000316. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316.
Horner, R. H. et al. (1990). Toward a technology of «nonaversive» behavioral support. Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps, 15(3), pp. 125–132.
Horner, R. H. y Sugai, G. (2018). Future directions for positive behavior support: A commentary. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 20(1), pp. 19–22.
Johnston, J. M. et al. (2006). Positive behavior support and applied behavior analysis. The Behavior Analyst, 29(1), pp. 51–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445508317132.
Jones, R. S. P. y McCaughey, R. E. (1992). Gentle teaching and applied behavior analysis: A critical review. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 25(4), pp. 853–867. https://doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1992.25-853.
Kincaid, D. (2018). Staying true to our PBS roots in a changing world. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 20(1), pp. 15–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300717735057.
Lavigna, G. W. et al. (2009). Positive practices in behavioral support. Through non-linear applied behavior analysis (facilitator’s manual). IABA.
Linley, P. A. et al. (2006). Positive psychology: Past, present, and (possible) future. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(1), pp. 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760500372796.
Lupano, M. L. y Castro, A. (2010). Psicologia positiva: un análisis desde su surgimiento. Ciencias Psicológicas, 4(1), pp. 45–56.
Lyengar, S. (2011). El arte de elegir. Gestión 2000 (Trabajo original publicado en 2010).
LyubomirsKy, S. et al. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131(6), pp. 803–855.
Manokara, V. et al. (2018). Exploring the knowledge and competency of positive behavioural support (PBS) amongst disability professionals in Singapore. International Journal of Positive Behavioural Support, 7(2), pp. 49–58.
McNulty, J. K. y Fincham, F. D. (2012). Beyond positive psychology? Toward a contextual view of psychological processes and well-being. American Psychologist, 67(2), pp. 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024572.
Mulick, J. A. y Butter, E. M. (2005). Positive behavior support: A paternalistic utopian delusion. En J. W. Jacobson et al. (Eds.), Controversial therapies for developmental disabilities: Fad, fashion and science in professional practices (pp. 385–404). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Newson, C. y Kroeger, K. (2005). Nonaversive treatment. En J. W. Jacobson et al. (Eds.), Controversial therapies for developmental disabilities: Fad, fashion and science in professional practices (pp. 405–422). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Noble, T. y McGrath, H. (2015). Prosper: A new framework for positive education. Psychology of Well-Being, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13612-015-0030-2.
Park, N. et al. (2013). La psicología positiva: investigación y aplicaciones. Terapia Psicológica, 31(1), pp. 11–19.
Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2012). La psicología positiva: magia simpática. Papeles del Psicólogo, 33(3), pp. 183–201. http://www.papelesdelpsicologo.es/pdf/2137.pdf.
Pérez-Álvarez, M. (2013). La psicología positiva y sus amigos: en evidencia. Papeles del Psicólogo, 34(3), pp. 208–226.
Pérez-Álvarez, M. et al. (2018). La vida real en tiempos de la felicidad. Crítica de la psicología (y de la ideología) positiva. Alianza Editorial.
Piña, J. A. (2014). La psicología positiva ¿Ciencia y práctica de la psicología? Papeles del Psicólogo, 35(2), pp. 144–158.
Piña, J. A. (2015). Un análisis crítico del concepto de resiliencia en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 31(3), pp. 751–758. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.31.3.185631.
Pinkelman, S. E. y Horner, R. H. (2019). Applying lessons from the teaching-family model: Positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS). Perspectives on Behavior Science. 42(2), pp. 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40614-019-00199-x.
Pinker, S. (2012). Los ángeles que llevamos dentro. El declive de la violencia y sus consecuencias. Paidós (Trabajo original publicado en 2011).
Poplin, M. S. (1991). La falacia reduccionista en las discapacidades para el aprendizaje: duplicación del pasado por reducción del presente. Siglo Cero, 137, pp. 18–28. https://sid.usal.es/articulos/discapacidad/4191/8-2-6/la-falacia-reduccionista-en-las-discapacidades-para-el-aprendizaje-duplicacion-del-pasado-por-reducciondel-presente.aspx.
Rifkin, J. (2010). La civilización empática. Paidós (Trabajo original publicado en 2009).
Schalock, R. L. y Verdugo, M. A. (2006). Revisión actualizada del concepto de calidad de vida. En M. A. Verdugo (Ed.), Cómo mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad. Instrumentos y estrategias de evaluación (pp. 29–41). Amaru Editores.
Seligman, M. E. P. et al. (2009). Positive education: Positive psychology and classroom interventions. Oxford Review of Education, 35(3), pp. 293–311. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054980902934563.
Shogren, K. A. et al. (Eds.) (2017). Handbook of positive psychology in intellectual and developmental disabilities. Translating research into practice. Springer.
Spicer, M. y Crates, N. (2016). Non-aversive reactive strategies (NARS) o reduce episodic severity of aggression and to reduce the need for restrictive practices. En R. P. Liberman y G. W. La Vigna (Eds.), New directions in the treatment of aggressive behavior (pp. 323–360). Nova Science Publishers.
Taleb, N. (2016). Antifrágil: las cosas que se benefician del desorden. Booket (Trabajo original publicado en 2012).
Vázquez, C. (2013). La psicología positiva y sus enemigos: una réplica en base a la evidencia científica. Papeles del Psicólogo, 34(2), pp. 91-115. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/778/77827025002.pdf.
Vázquez, C. y Hervás, G. (2008). Salud mental positiva: del síntoma al bienestar. En C. Vázquez y G. Hervás (Eds.), Psicología positiva aplicada (pp. 17–39). Desclée de Brouwer.
Vázquez, C. y Hervás, G. (2009). La ciencia del bienestar. En C. Vázquez y G. Hervás (Eds.), La ciencia del bienestar: fundamentos de una psicología positiva (pp. 13-46). Alianza.
Vera, B. (2006). La psicología positiva: una nueva forma de entender la psicología. Papeles del Psicólogo, 27(1), pp. 3–8.
Verdugo, M. A. y Schalock, R. L. (2006). Aspectos claves para medir la calidad de vida. En M. A. Verdugo (Ed.), Cómo mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad. Instrumentos y estrategias de evaluación (pp. 43–58). Amarú Ediciones.
Wehmeyer, M. L. (Ed.). (2013a). Beyond pathology: Positive psychology and disability. En M. L. Wehmeyer (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of positive psychology and disability (pp. 3-6). Oxford University Press.
Wehmeyer, M. L. (Ed.) (2013b). The Oxford handbook of positive psychology and disability. Oxford University Press.
Wrigth, R. (2005). Nadie pierde: la teoría de juegos y la lógica del destino humano. Tusquets (Trabajo original publicado en 1999).
Yakushko, O. y Blodgett, E. (2018). Negative reflections about positive psychology: On constraining the field to a focus on happiness and personal achievement. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 61(1), pp. 104-131. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167818794551.
As an open access journal, access to the contents of the journal will be free of charge and the property rights are subject to a Creative Commons license. More specifically, the magazine will be licensed under the 'Attribution - Non-Commercial - No Derivative Works (by-nc-nd') license. This license allows free use of the content, but does not allow commercial use of the original work or the generation of derivative works.